Analysis the Crime Pattern of Coastal and Hill Area in Bangladesh

Introduction Bangladesh lies on the Bay of Bengal. She is also enriched with charming cragged areas. with the advancements of time, execration expands e very(prenominal)where with its distinctive environmental, geographical & socio-demographical features. The battlegroundtrip we participated and envisi championd beach deem, Chittagong coxswains Bazaar & Bandorban territory opens us the racy opportunity to ac companionships variant patterns of disgust in the coastal and hilly regions of Bangladesh. Statement Of The StudyIn Bangladesh, the gliding Guard is unique body of force that deals with the abomination on the shore of Bay of Bengal and ensure ascertain sea zone for working & travelling and also helps to economy on running with smooth swiftness done preventing illegal infract & outgoing the economic martials including manpower. The cyclooxygenases funfair also a valuable economic zone with its versatility feature of sad perspectives. The Bandorban is distin ct hilly rule holds the particular phenomenons of detestation.As a student of Criminology and practice of law Science we have studied the courses of different aspects of crime distributed in different geographical locations but the practical knowledge was unknown to us which are very essential for us. The visit of coast Guard at Chittagong, coxswains Bazar and Bandorban helped us greatly in this regard. Background of The Study Crime is the situational & functional phenomenon that changes from place to place on basis of environment, efficacy of law and govern agencies and the socio demographic characteristics of native flock. receivable to the urbanization and globalization influenced by the different economic factors the modulus of operandi and design of crime become versatile. The Coast Guard agency at Chittagong region most effetely deals with the costal crime on maintaining law and order in coastal sea area ranges up to 1 km. from the coast. They saying the aspects of cri me that orientation is tot onlyy different on the nature & feature from the crimes crime in land. The coxs Bazar is most popular tourist zone with its largest unique sea beach. So it is a valuable open economic zone on road of development.Due to quick urbanization and communicational the socio demographic characteristics of people become trend to be unstable. The follows Bazar is also known as a important corridor of trespassing of criminals and export goods on the land of Bangladesh. The Bandorban is one of the best charming hilly districts in our country. But several geographical characteristics make it distinct from normal people of Bangladesh. At here, concur with the matching with socio demographic feature of people the nature and perspective of crime is totally different from the monotonous land.On participating as a member in the study tour Ive acknowledged different patterns of crime with its social & economic consequence in that region. We also informed about the situa tion and readiness of law and order maintaining agencies, specially the Coast Guard & Police to meet up these challenges and contributing a role to make Bangladesh better and safer place for working and living. Aims and Objectives We select some aims to find out through the study- To familiar with the organization of Coast Guard. To acknowledge their role on protecting open & economy, working challenges on sea related crime, glory of achievement and so onTo be informed about criminal tread & crime patterns of Coxs fair district. To know about the preparation of Coxs bazaar natural law in preventing crime and ensuring safety to the people, especially to the tourist. To familiar with the crime patterns in hilly areas mainly at Bandorban district. To find out entomological reasons of crime in hilly areas. To acknowledge the preparation of law on taking the challenges regarding to meet up these crime. To develop c at a timeptual assessment by analyzing the crime patterns on costal and hilly region. methodological analysisIt is necessary for the one to know not only the methods but also the methodology. Methodology is a way to systematically solve whatsoever problem. Here we all collect data on qualitative process, it is concerned with qualitative phenomenon. Study field of view We visit several place little on conducting the study tour. We frontmost visit Chittagong coast guard radix, then we proceed to Coxs bazaar & also attend a seminar & a dinar party arranged by district police of Coxs bazaar. At final stage we visit Bandorban district, there we also took part a discussion with the police authority of district police.Data Collection Method As it is a qualitative research we used both methods for data collection ? Focus group discussion ?KII and ?Observational method. Findings of the study The Bangladesh Coast Guard, is unique knowledgeableness (excluding arm strings) fight on the sea for preserving public right and wealth though they have hetero geneous extreme deprivation in both somebodyal & administrative context. On Coxs bazaar perspective, the native people are gentle & few people commit crime to meet up the demands of urbanization in different way.The crime patterns of costal area treaded to black business related including export, marketing drugs. Sometimes we notice some violent patterns of crime including robbery, polish off. In Bandorban district, the native hilly people are really peace full. Among them violent crime is rare rather they involved few deviance part of crime. But in Bengali-hilly people mutual perspective there some violent patterns of criminal incidents including robbery, murder, abductions etc. Evolution Of Bangladesh Coast Guard Prior to the formation of Coast Guard it is Bangladesh Navy who has been entrusted with this sacred policing labor at sea.But navy has legal terminal point in enforcing customs, fiscal, immigration and other laws at sea. To overcome all these difficulties Coast Gua rd Act 1994 was passed by parliament in September 1994 and formally the Coast Guard came into being on 22 February 1995. Organizational Organogram of Bangladesh Coast Guard (CG) Organogram of Bangladesh Coast Guard (CG) (Rank) Jurisdiction & mandate Bangladesh Coast Guard has the jurisdiction over the entire sea areas of Bangladesh as declared under the territorial reserve water and Maritime Zone Act 1974 and adjacent land areas along the coastal belt up to 1 km.Apart from the sea territory, the government has placed all the waterways of Bangladesh including 1-km land areas from the coasts including the waterways of worlds largest mangrove timberland Sundarban. To ensure the task of Bangladesh Coast Guard is empowered to implement rules and regulations under Acts and Ordinances. It have two aspects- discipline Bangladesh Coast Guard Act 1994. Immigration Ordinance 1982. Environment Conservation Act 1995. Territorial irrigate and Maritime Zones Act 1974. The Marine Fisheries Ord inance 1983. Merchant Shipping Ordinance 1983. The Customs Act 1969. Narcotics make Law 1969. Protection and Conservation of Fish Act 1950. The Forest Act 1927. The Port Act 1908 worldwide United Nations practice on Law of the Sea III of 1982. Convention for the stopion of Pollution from Ships, 1973. Convention on Biological Diversity 1992. Convention of Protection of World Culture and Natural Heritage 1972. downstairs the mentioned Acts and Ordinances the Coast Guard is empowered within the terms of references to arrest any person, seize any situation and carryout search having reasons to believe that an offence has been committed in violation of those Acts and Ordinances.Role & function of the Coast Guard The fundamental role of Coast Guard is to protect the public, the environment, and the national economic and security interests through law enforcement at sea. Role has been clearly defined in the Coast Guard Act 1994 as you can acknowledge ?Preserve national interests at s ea areas of Bangladesh. ?Prevent illegal fishing in sea areas of Bangladesh. ?Prevent unauthorised entry into and illegal exit from Bangladeshi waters. ?Enforce warrant of any appeal or any other authority against any incoming marine transport or any person onboard that within the territorial waters of Bangladesh. Search and prevent any act of environment pollution in the sea areas of Bangladesh. ?Ensure safety of people working in sea areas of Bangladesh. ?Prevent smuggling and trespassing or narcotics, drugs etc. ?Participate in relief and rescue operations during natural calamities and salvage bleak water transport, men and materials. ?Arrange transmission of necessary info including warning signals through radio or any other media during natural calamities. ?Assist Bangladesh Navy during war. ?Carry out patrol in Bangladeshi waters. Assist concerned authorities to ensure security of seaports. ?Prevent terrorist and sabotage activities in Bangladeshi waters and assist other ag encies in this regard. ?Carry out any other duties assigned by the government. Activities of Coast Guard Coast Guard is involved in many activities. Their participation is in a express scale but the success rate is praise worthy. Initially the job was limited to anti smuggling and anti piracy operations within port limits of Chittagong and Mongla. But presently they are to operate in the entire coastal belt of the country.They are conducting anti smuggling operations, anti piracy operations, fishery shield operations, catching of illegal arms, forest preservation activities including election duty in the coastal and inland areas. more it successfully conduct some special work on the glory of dignity Fishery defense operations Participated in Jatka Nidhon Protirodh Operation in the coastal area every year. Coast Guard have flamboyant Medal in 2005 for outstanding success in Jatka Protirodh operation. Prevention of fertilizer smuggling To restrain fertilizer smuggling Operati on SABUJ DHAN carried out from Sangu, Shah Pori Dwip and Sitakunda.Assistance to Bangladesh Navy (BN) Joint operation is carried out as and when required. CG eastside Zone tok over inner patrol during Bangladesh Myanmar crisis in 2008. Election duty Coast Guard was deployed in two constituencies for General Election in 2008 at Dacope and Koira. One contingent were also deployed in Sandwip for Upazilla re-election . contribute cyclone relief operation Coast Guard carries out post cyclone operation as a take aim(p) task whenever required. Our Ships have contributed by carrying out post cyclone relief operation after the devastating cyclone Sidr in badly modify area like Barishal and Barguna.Special Operations 2006- Operation Nirapad Jiban. 20067- Operation Nirapad Upakul. Coast Guard was awarded with Gold Medal in 2005 for extra ordinary success in Jatka Protirodh Operation . In 2006 two direct carried out Joint operation with Indian Coast Guard ship at Haldia, India. In 2009 Coast Guard took part in Ex Somudra Torongo predicated by British Navy ship and Bangladeshi Armed forces and Law Enforcement Agencies Constraints And Limitations of Coast Guard ?Limited manpower specially shortage of officer. ? noneHigh drive all weather capable ships and boats. The full time security coverage is not possible to the ships beyond outer anchorage. ?No SAR helicopter. Future Plan Of Coast Guard ?Acquisition of Land. ?Infrastructure and Manpower Development. ?procural of Ships / Water craft. Two ships purchasing like CGS RUPOSHI BANGLA is in progress. ?Around 50 senior high school run boats like US Defender class coming in avail very soon ? strain Wing. ?Salvage & Rescue Ships. THE COXS BAZAR General Orientation of Coxs bazaar district Area 2491. 86 sq. Km Population 25 Lac. Ratio of Police & citizen is 1 3120 No. of Upazila 8 No. f Union 71 Annual Rain Fall 3,378 mm Highest Temp. Avg. 39. 50C (Jun) utmost Temp. Avg. 11. 80C (Jan) Islands Moheshkhali, Kutubdia,Mat arbari-Dholghata, Sonadia & Saint Martins. Main Rivers Bakkhali, Matamuhuri, Reju,Naf & Kohalia Coxs bazaar Police territorial dominion jurisdiction Circles Coxs Bazar (Sadar) Circle Ukhia Circle Police Stations CoxsBazar Model Thana Chakoria Thana Moheskhali Thana Kutubdia Thana Ramu Thana Ukhia Thana Teknaf Thana Pekua Thana. let outpost Town break Post Beach push through Post Chowfaldody Out Post ( temporary ) Harbang Out Post Badarkhali River Out PostKalarmarchara Out Post ( temporary ) Matarbari Out Post ( temporary ) Rajakhali Out Post ( Temporary ) Garania Out Post Himchari Out Post Eidgoar Out Post St. Martin Out Post Hoyikong Out Post investigating Centre ? Eidgoan IC ? Matamuhuri IC ? Baharchara IC CourtSytem of Coxs bazaar soil ? Sadar Court (Coxs bazaar model Thana, Ramu Thana, Ukhia Thana and Teknaf Thana ) ? Chakoria Court ? Moheskhali Thana ? Kutubdia Thana Crime Trendsof Coxs bazaar order (Police Enlisted,2010) This scenario indicates that Narcotics crime (9. 89%),women repression (7. 76%), Smuggling (4. 64%),Theft ( 3. 4%), Illegal Arms offences ( 2. 61%), Murder ( 2. 57%), cause major threat to police. Burglary (1. 91%), Child Repression (1. 75%), Robbery (1. 01%) are causing medium level threat on public safety. Activities of Coxs Bazaar District Police ?Organize connection Police Assembly. ?Spontaneous participation on Change himself Change Other self programme. ?Conducting Tourist Policing service 24hours for the safety of tourist at sea beach. ?Arrange Monthly Crime Conference of Coxs bazaar District Police ? Organize Rally for social consciousness. ?Conducting the programme on beach clean initiative Organize Crime Conference and Exchange View ?Organize Police-People Interaction activities e. g . cricket Match ? Take action against Narcotics ? fulfill to Protect Forest ?Arresting most wanted Criminals ?Action against illegal Myanmar Citizen (Rohinga Issues) Pushback 442 per. Arrest 135 per. Case filed 26 Police Problems of Coxs Bazaar District ?Most of the Outposts & Investigation centers have no own land. ?Most of the Outposts & Investigation centers have no fixed & safe structure. ?Insufficient land of new Police line. ?Vacancy of 81 different post of District Police. Vehicle Shortage. ?Ratio of Police & citizen in Coxsbazar district is 1 3120 ? A countable factor of this strength is involve in Refugee camp, BDR Magazine room, VVIP & VIP Protection, KPIs security. ?No logistic support to prevent Sea Dacoit. ?Residence facility about nil. Analyzing The Crime Patterns In Coastal Area (Coast Guard & Coxs Bazaar Perspective) On above discussion now we are in the platform to reason the crime patterns in this two aspects. I proceed on following way- Due to the environmental factors smuggling is the most common crime in this coastal area.Narcotics crime, women repression, Smuggling ,Theft, Illegal Arms offences ,Murder causes threat on police activity, especially on Coxs Bazaar. Abduction ,Robbery, Dacoit isnt so frequent criminal feature of crime in this sea level coastal areas. Drug crimes are expanding due to downpour illicit interest for taking drug. Sea (costal) areas are the potential get-way for smuggling, trafficking, illegal Rohinga trespassing etc. dimension related conflict / crime is rare to be seen. The ratio in the midst of law enforcement personal and public is very poor.So all forms of crime mainly smuggling, criminal & narcotics trespassing, drug crimes, violent crimes is trend to be high day by day. THE HILLY BANDORBAN DISTRICT GENERAL ORIENTATION OF BANDORBAN DISTRICT ?Bandarban was established as a separate district on 18 April 1981 combining two sub divisions Bandarban and Lama. ?Geographical information ?This district is surrounded by Myanmar in southern and eastern side. Rangamati in north, Coxsbazar and Chittagong in western side. ?Area of District 4,479. 03 Sq. km. Bandarban Sadar 501. 99 Sq. km. Roangchhari 442. 89 Sq. km. Ruma 616. 42Sq. km. T hanchi 896. 50 Sq. km. Lama 671. 84 Sq. km. Alikadam 885. 78 Sq. km. Naikhangchhari 463. 61 Sq. km ?Demographical information (As per census 2001) ?Total Population 3,00,740 ?Male 1,63,540 ?Female 1,37,200 ?Tribal 1,41,213 ?Non Tribal 1,59,527 ?Population/Sq.. Km 67 ?Bangali 53% ?Tribal 47% ?Tribal people information (As per census 2001) In Bandarban 11 autochthonal tribes are living with harmony. They are- TribeTotalPopulation Marma75,880 Morong/Mro28,109 Tripura10,478 Tonchonga 7,030 Bom 8,228 Chakma 5,327 Khumi 1,471 Kheyang 1,823 Chak 2,151 Pankhu 128 Losai 293 ?Administrative Units information Police Circles 02 Sadar Circle Bandarban, Ruma, Roangchori, Thanchi. Lama CircleLama, Alikadam, Naikhongchari. ?Upazilla 07 ?Union 29 ?Municipality 02 ?Police Station 07 ?Police Investigation Center 02 ?Police Outpost 07 ?Police Camp 11 ?Region(Army) 01 ?Zone(Army) 03 (Sadar,Ruma, Alikadam) ?Zone(BDR) 02 (Balipara, N. chhari) ?Ansar Battalion 01 ?Cultural Festival information ?Rajp unna ( Rajpunna is one kind of fair. Where the king of Bomang circle collect appraise from the Headman and the Karbari, Headman and Karbari collect the tax from their local area. Headman and Karbari selected by Bomang circle king. Rajpunna fair commences once a year. ) ? Buddo Purnima ?Baisabi, (Sangrai- Marma, Biju- chakma) ?Cow Killing of Murung ?Political information(Political parties) ?Awami league ?BNP ?Jammat ?Jatiyo Party ?UPDF (United Peoples Democratic Front. Founded on 26 declination 1998. The UPDF is a Manifestation of the strong and serious reservations against the Chittagong Hill tract Accord 2 December 1997. ?PCJSS (Parbatya Chittagram Jana Samhati Samiti. Founded on 24 April 1972 by Manabendra Narayan Larma. Present Presedent Sri Jotindro Bodhy Prio Larma Law and Order Situation Of Bandorban District The Police Force has sufficient manpower and well equipped with modern arms and ammunitions to keep daily law and order situation under control. ? The Police usually g ets cooperation from local Army and BDR to secure arrest of miscreants from the remote hilly areas. ? There are rare incidents of breach of peace and amity between local tribes and Bangalis. Crime Statistics Of Bandorban District (2005- 2009) Analyzing the Crime Trend Of Bandorban District ?Despite its landscape, propensity of crime is much less than plain land. ?The tribal populated area is less crime prone than Bangali populated area here. There is hardly any case filed in Thanchi, Ruma and Roangchhari police stations. ?Bangali populated areas like Sadar, Lama, Naikkhongchhari, Alikadam are much crime prone. ?Tribal people commit mostly Alcohol related crimes. ?Property related crimes like Theft, Dacoity etc are less committed here. ?Few incidents of murder occur in remote hilly areas. ?The Crime Statistics indicates that theft & murder causes high risks on public safety. Major focus ?Kidnapping /Abduction ?Extortion ?Land Dispute ?Conflict between tribe and non tribe ?Illegal ent ry of foreigners ?Rohinga issue. Special Type of Crime Though evil activities of so called Shanti Bahini is not evident, few terrorists create panic through abducting people. ? Terrorists kidnap such persons for ransom and brood themselves in remote hilly forest. ?Considering the safety of abducted persons the relatives avoid law enforcing agencies and conceal fact. They try to free the abducted by paying the ransom. District Police Efficiency in Crime Combating ?Ensuring quality of investigation ?Effective court procedure management ?Pro-active approach of policing ?Applying appropriate preventive sections of laws like 151 of Crpc and 107 and 117. Community policing In Response to ? municipal Violence ?Trafficking ?Eve-teasing awareness ?Dowry ?Traffic teaching method ?Drug abuse ?School visit for ensuring education and health care ?Tree plantation ?Preserving forest ?Community awareness ?Fire management ? saving of hill. Comparison of the crime pattern of coastal and hill area through Analysis On the base of critical assessment of coastal (Chittagong & Coxs Bazaar) and unsmooth area (Bandorban) now we note as follows- The crime trend on hilly areas is lower than coastal area. Most prominent crime in coastal areas is smuggling.On the other hand, at hilly area we found abduction & murder are the most affected Crime. The hilly people commit pretty alcohol related crime, sometimes we see property conflict between hilly people & Bengali People but this feature is absent at Coxs Bazaar. Roninga issue is common problem in both Coxs Bazaar and Bandorban. Due to the communication obstacle law enforcement personal have serve more hardship in Bandorban than Coxs Bazaar. Theres no existence of crime committed by Santi Bahini at Coxs Bazaar but the criminal activities are done in the name of this Santi Bahini at Bandorban.Overall, Hilly people are more peaceful than Bengali people of coastal area. Limitations Of The Study Though the visit in these coastal & hilly ar eas helped us very much to gain empirical and practical knowledge in the field of investigation but to visit it we have faced some problems . The main limitation were- ? We didnt get enough time on staying for collecting data at a one place. ?We collect all these information from representative administrative side, weve no scope to verify our findings at field level. Sometimes police representative personal seems like pay unwillingness in answering some fundamental issues. Conclusion On visiting both these region we become enriched with the knowledges that we didnt have before. This empirical and practical knowledges helps us to analyzes the distinct patterns of crime aspects in pedantic studies. Bibliography Digital documents material, provide by- ?Coast Guard Authority, Chittagong. ?Coxs Bazaar Police authority ?Bandorban Police Administration Related internet services.